Check this out: https://hackaday.com/2026/07/20/old-ssds-find-new-life-as-game-cartridges/

Just saw it on Hack a Day and remembered this post. It’s using old SSDs instead of SD cards but is basically what you’re describing.

And they’re using auto launch scripts like I mentioned in my first comment and a whitelist to address security.

Every time I play Skyrim:

“You are carrying too much to be able to run”

Inventory:

• …
• 30 “Solution of Strength” potions

Me: But I might need those later.

Ugh, I wish I could add “reasons” for my user blocks as well as have the dates I blocked them available. Would make this easier. But yeah, Striker is in there.

I’m inclined to believe it’s part of the “group”. Every post I can see of it’s is a question which is the same thing seen with the others in the list here; none of them have a single post that uses a declarative statement as the post title. That’s more than a little sus given the context here.

Regardless, I tend to block accounts that I feel camp out and/or abuse the “ask” communities.

Ah, the War5oldier account is banned on its home instance and I guess they just didn’t re-use the name with another alt.

The only one of those that wasn’t in my blocks was raptor, but I guess I didn’t notice them as much. Comparing raptor to one of the others in that list, yeah, the posting is pretty similar.

Yep, I recall blocking at least Dan for the same reason as the other two. Not sure about the other one but can’t recall seeing posts from them anytime recently so probably did.

Are two of them “commander graves” and “war soldier”?

Because I noticed similar and blocked them ages ago

Oh, yeah. SSH from laptop or Termux on my phone.

Not sure if there’s a CLI way to deal with captive portals or not. Maybe a text-based browser like Lynx/Links2 if the portal isn’t super fancy, but I’ve used the MAC cloning method for ages and it’s just my “go to” for dealing with that. Honestly, I don’t deal with them very often since I just use a hotspot much of the time with it.

I’ve only had to go through a captive portal once with it but MAC cloning was sufficient

I looked but there doesn’t seem to be a straightforward way to do that in Linux. I was thinking a udev rule but it would be clunky since the low level details for media like SD cards aren’t available. At best, maybe a generic rule that mounts it and looks for an autorun.sh or something, but that’s basically reinventing Autoplay on Windows and would have the same security implications.

I read Hack-a-Day frequently, and I’ve come across several projects that use NFC readers so you can tap a card to play specific songs or start playlists. Maybe something like that but launch a specific game instead?

e.g. https://hackaday.com/2025/03/31/a-music-box-commanded-by-nfc-tags/

Security is pretty minimal, not gonna lie.

There’s a 50 GB LUKS partition that stays locked unless I’m actively using it. It’s got backup copies of my important/critical documents and password manager exports but the rest of it is just media and doesn’t really merit encryption.

All applications have local accounts but I’m not using LDAP or any kind of SSO like I am with my main stack.

At home, I keep the firewall disabled on the interface configured as “WAN” so I can access its services directly via their hostname (I point its wildcard DNS record to its local “WAN” IP) but do enable firewall when I’m using it on an untrusted network. Granted, I have to manually remember to do that, so that’s kind of a security risk if I forget. Generally, though, when I’m using it remotely, it’s using my secondary phone as a USB-tethered uplink so even if I leave its internal services exposed to WAN, the NAT from the phone blocks that. One of my goals, eventually, is to automate some of the firewall rules depending on where I’m using it.

This week was nice but we had one last week and one’s forecast for this coming week, though I don’t think it’s going to be as bad as the one we got first week of July.

Glad I got my PV system installed before the first one hit. A/C just feels cooler when it’s free 😎

Heatwaves notwithstanding, still prefer summer. I hate shoveling snow, I hate being cold, I hate that people deal with slick roads every year but still can’t learn to drive (or NOT drive) on them, etc. My only complaints about summer are the humidity and mosquitos.

Ah, yeah, you can have most devices with lithium batteries in your checked baggage, but they have to be off and packed so they’re protected from damage. It’s preferred for those to be carry-on items but isn’t required.

Power banks, vapes, spare batteries, etc are specifically prohibited in checked baggage and must be in your carry-on or on your person.

–https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/lithium-batteries-baggage

I think it’s the other way around, at least in the US. The last time I flew, anything with a lithium battery had to be either on your person or in your carry-on and couldn’t exceed a certain amperage/watt-hour rating. I remember having to check specifically on that since I wasn’t sure if I could bring my vape.

But mostly, a bare PCB with two 18650’s visible isn’t something I want to have to explain to airport security lol. They may let it pass, but it’s definitely going to be a hassle. Easiest to just use an approved power bank or just power it from my phone’s USB port. The UPS was mostly so I could make it mobile and use solar chargers with it.

It’s kind of a mix of things duct-taped together, but here’s the gist of what controls what. If you want to see any specific configs, let me know.

Network Manager controls the “static” interfaces. I’ve got some udev rules for my known hardware (USB wifi/ethernet adapters) so that they get friendly names as opposed to ugly “predictable” names.

The interfaces managed by NetworkManager are:

• STA mode Wi-Fi (internet uplink)
• LAN Bridge
• Wired Ethernet (internet uplink)

Connecting a USB-tethered smartphone is pretty plug and play. It automatically gets picked up as a USB ethernet interface, receives its IP address from DHCP, and gets set as the default gateway. So there’s nothing that needs to be configured when using that as the internet uplink other than making sure there’s no other active gateway that might interfere.

The LAN segment is a generic Linux bridge called br-lan (I’m borrowing OpenWRT’s naming convention). In normal operation, it has wlan1 and usb0 as members (AP and USB ethernet gadget, respectively). If I need a wired ethernet port on the LAN side, I just plug a USB ethernet adapter in and add it with brctl addif br-lan eth{XXX}

The usb0 ethernet gadget interface is brought up using a script that runs at boot via systemd to configure a libcomposite ethernet gadget before the network target. This ensures it’s available when the network comes up so it can be successfully added to the LAN bridge.

When changing out of the default configuration, I just go into network manager to enable/disable the correct interfaces. e.g. If I want to use wired ethernet for uplink and internal wifi for client AP, I enable the wired ethernet and disable the internal wifi’s connection to the router. Then I swap hostapd conf files to use the one configured for the internal wifi instead of the USB one and update the members in the LAN bridge accordingly. e.g. brctl delif br-lan wlan1 ; brctl addif br-lan wlan0

To add a LAN-side wired ethernet, I just make sure it’s not already configured for “WAN” in NetworkManager and add it to the LAN bridge. That, or setup a VLAN interface and use a single USB ethernet adapter for both (haven’t done that on this device but I know it works from having done that in the past).

Thankfully, PiHole exposes the DHCP controls for its underlying dnsmasq and since I’m already running PiHole for ad blocking and DNS, it was natural to also use it for DHCP. It’s configured to advertise addresses to the br-lan interface only.

Routing/NAT is all done directly with iptables. The VPNs dynamically update it as they connect/disconnect using their up and down hook scripts, and for the NAT used for client connections, it’s basically just iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s $SOURCE_CIDR -o $OUT_INTERFACE -j MASQUERADE where SOURCE_CIDR=192.168.5.0/24 is the LAN segment address range and OUT_INTERFACE=wlan0 is the uplink interface (in the default configuration).

I’ve got some ugly scripts to adjust the NAT rules depending on which interface is currently acting as the “WAN” interface.

I addressed that in a few ways:

1. I bought a quality SD card to start with. A 1 TB card is a lot of eggs in one basket so I wasn’t about to cheap out on that part.
2. The board has 32 GB of eMMC which is where the OS is installed
3. There are very few writes to the SD card during normal operation (after initially loading content onto it). Running data (DBs, caches, log dirs, etc) for most applications is stored on the eMMC rather than the SD card or in some cases written to tmpfs (logs).
4. The subset of content I loaded onto this from my main media server was all chosen because it has the most re-watch potential, so re-loading close to a TB of media isn’t something that’s going to happen too often. The largest write it sees is the semi-annual refresh of the full ~130 GB Wikipedia ZIM dump, but I may push that back to once a year. I’ve only updated it twice so far.
5. Armbian assumes it’s going to run from SD card and does a pretty good job about minimizing the number of writes. Logs are all written to zram and only occasionally written to disk, it has no swap file, etc. If those are good enough to keep an SD card happy, they should keep an eMMC even happier.

Basically, I tried my best to configure the SD card so that in day to day use it’s WORM (write once, read many) without actually going so far as mounting it read only. The data that gets synced daily from my main servers is incremental and usually has few changes.

I’ve had PIs running for years without issue with the SD card mounted read only and retired them from service before the SD cards ever started showing issues. My Meshtastic EAS Alerter project is using one of those Pi Zero W2’s I retired from an older project and its 6 year old SD card.

This is actually the second iteration. Originally I attached a 1 TB SSD via a USB->NVMe enclosure. That worked, but also made the unit sprawl which was something I wanted to trim down in the final version. It worked but had random glitches and instability that I initially chalked up to the board and/or Armbian. I didn’t realize it was EMI from the Wi-Fi coming in through the USB cable until after I switched to the 1 TB SD card. That’s why I added some ghetto shielding to the power cable for lack of having ferrite beads on hand lol.

Should the SD card prove problematic over time, I can always go back to the USB->NVMe solution and lose its “keychain” form factor.

   /_\  _ _ _ __ | |__(_)__ _ _ _  
  / _ \| '_| '  \| '_ \ / _` | ' \ 
 /_/ \_\_| |_|_|_|_.__/_\__,_|_||_|
                                   
 v25.11.2 for BananaPi BPI-M4-Zero running Armbian Linux 6.12.58-current-sunxi64

 Packages:     Ubuntu stable (noble)
 Updates:      Kernel upgrade enabled and 52 packages available for upgrade 
 WiFi AP:      SSID: (BananaAP), channel 6 (2437 MHz), width: 20 MHz, center1: 2437 MHz
 IPv4:         (LAN) 192.168.5.1, 10.10.10.15 (WAN) 192.168.1.12
 Containers:   postgres_postgres_1

 Performance:  

 Load:         4%           	 Uptime:       18 weeks, 22 hours, 49 minutes	 Local users:  2           	
 Memory usage: 45% of 3.83G  	 Zram usage:    74% of 1.91G  	
 CPU temp:     63°C           	 Usage of /:   35% of 29G    	
 RX today:     6 GiB  

The original intent of this was a travel router that VPN’d back to home as well as providing PiHole ad blocking, but it ballooned when I just wanted to see how much could run on this little board. I didn’t have anything in mind when I made it other than if I could, so I had to invent reasons after the fact lol

SHTF Server

If shit ever hits the fan (evacuation order, natural disaster, house burns down, etc), this is something that’s easy to grab, takes up almost no space, can be powered for days with a power bank, and has all my important docs on an encrypted volume. If I’m stuck in a temporary shelter or whatever, I can keep myself entertained as well as a handful of other people who can connect to it.

I’ve also got cron jobs to sync important files from my main servers to this one, so it stays up to date.

Power Outages

We don’t maintain any permanent streaming subscriptions (only when there’s something good on like a new season of Star Trek drops lol). So if the power goes out, and I can’t run the main servers, this can (and has!) run from a power bank for about 36 hours. Everyone in the house can stream something different to their phone if they want.

Camping, Traveling, Etc.

Kinda covered under offline access, but can keep the kids entertained without cell service or racking up data overages.

I also made a couple of Snapcast receiver speakers with some old Pi Zero W’s so we can have wireless speakers around the campsite. I was able to add an RTL-SDR dongle to it and pipe the FM audio to Snapcast, so if there’s a game on, we can listen to that. I haven’t used that in practice, but it worked on the bench.

Internet access isn’t a given

I’ve had to travel places that have no or poor internet access and poor cell reception. Depends on where and why I have to travel and is always a crapshoot. This gives me a bare minimum environment that’s always on hand.

Black Start

If my homelab ever goes totally down or has a major malfunction, I’ve got copies of documentation, console passwords (that are normally kept in Vaultwarden hosted on the stack that’s unavailable in this scenario), and other resources to bring things back up. I host pretty much everything we use (including email) so when the lab is down (rare but does happen) it’s nice to have a backup stack.

Nice. I forget what project I used (it’s been over a year and I haven’t used it since). I just remember it was Docker based and I setup a wrapper script where I could just feed it a base URL to start from and a filename for its output. It definitely didn’t do the cleanup and polishing that DevDocs does with theirs, but it worked well enough for my purposes.

• MDN (HTML, CSS, JS): Yes - Had to manually crawl/scrape that one myself. Took almost 3 days since I had a pretty generous delay between pages.
• Tailwind: Yes (v3 anyway)

The Kiwix web interface has a search, and it’s decent. AFAIK, unless you build your own somehow, that’s all there is for that.

Yeah, I was surprised as well by how many things can run concurrently and why this project ballooned like it did. It was originally just going to be a travel router and PiHole but I decided to see how much I could cram in there. There’s still room for more but I had to move on to other projects once winter was over. If/when I have time, I’d like to add a map tile server to the mix.

The only limit I’ve run into is when I’m running the NextJS dev server and Jellyfin at the same time. That’s just a bit too much demand on the memory so one or the other crashes. So I can’t watch JF while I work, but considering what’s hosting these, I can forgive it.